European Convention on Human Rights β Article 6*βEveryone has the right to a fair and public hearing within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial tribunal established by law...β*
If the court is not impartial or independent, its decisions are void under Article 6.
β Use this to challenge unlawful re-hearings, bias, pre-judgment, or coordination with opposing parties.
Link directly to Porter v Magill [2001] UKHL 67
Would a βfair-minded and informed observerβ conclude bias exists?
β If yes, Article 6 breach is triggered.
Via R (Lewis) v Persimmon Homes [2008] EWCA Civ 746
β If the hearing outcome is pre-decided or scripted, it fails Article 6 standards.